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Ruby是一种动态的、开源的、面向对象的脚本语言，其创建时考虑到了简单性和易用性。在本文中，小编将介绍如何在Ubuntu 20.04/18.04系统中上安装Ruby语言。
在 Ubuntu 20.04/18.04系统中安装Ruby的最简单方法是从PPA存储库进行安装。为此，本文将使用Brightbox PPA存储库，毕竟Brightbox多年来一直为Ubuntu提供优化的Ruby包。此外，还将介绍另外一种方法，即使用 RVM安装Ruby。
方法 1：从PPA存储库上安装Ruby
个人比较喜欢Brightbox PPA存储库，因为它可以灵活地安装和从包管理器更新的任何Ruby版本，可以使用以下命令将PPA存储库添加到Ubuntu 20.04/18.04 系统：
sudo apt update
sudo apt -y install software-properties-common
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:brightbox/ruby-ng接下来点击<ENTER>键以便安装PPA库相关组件：
Ubuntu packages for Ruby 2.7, 2.6, 2.5, 2.4, 2.3, 2.2, 2.1, 2.0 1.9.3 and 1.8.
See https://www.brightbox.com/docs/ruby/ubuntu/ for more details.
Discussion list here:
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/brightbox-ruby-ubuntu-packaging
https://www.brightbox.com
More info: https://launchpad.net/~brightbox/+archive/ubuntu/ruby-ng
Press [ENTER] to continue or Ctrl-c to cancel adding it.
Hit:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security InRelease
Get:2 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu focal InRelease [265 kB]
Get:3 http://ppa.launchpad.net/brightbox/ruby-ng/ubuntu focal InRelease [23.8 kB]
Hit:4 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu focal-updates InRelease
Hit:5 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu focal-backports InRelease
Get:6 http://ppa.launchpad.net/brightbox/ruby-ng/ubuntu focal/main amd64 Packages [4508 B]
Get:7 http://ppa.launchpad.net/brightbox/ruby-ng/ubuntu focal/main Translation-en [2568 B]
Fetched 296 kB in 1s (331 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done添加repo后，更新包列表：
sudo apt update然后安装想要Ruby版本，本文以安装Ruby 2.7为例：
$ sudo apt install ruby2.7
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
fonts-lato javascript-common libjs-jquery libruby2.7 rake ruby-minitest ruby-net-telnet ruby-power-assert ruby-test-unit ruby-xmlrpc rubygems-integration
unzip zip
Suggested packages:
apache2 | lighttpd | httpd bundler
The following NEW packages will be installed:
fonts-lato javascript-common libjs-jquery libruby2.7 rake ruby-minitest ruby-net-telnet ruby-power-assert ruby-test-unit ruby-xmlrpc ruby2.7
rubygems-integration unzip zip
0 upgraded, 14 newly installed, 0 to remove and 47 not upgraded.
Need to get 7853 kB of archives.
After this operation, 34.5 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y在Brightbox维护的Ruby包中- 2.7, 2.6, 2.5, 2.4, 2.3, 2.2, 2.1, 2.0 1.9.3 and 1.8. 例如安装 Ruby 2.6的示例，使用：
sudo apt install ruby2.6安装后，检查版本：
$ ruby --version
ruby 2.7.2p137 (2020-10-01 revision 5445e04352) [x86_64-linux-gnu]方法 2：使用RVM安装 Ruby
此外，还可以使用RVM安装Ruby。RVM 是一个命令行工具，允许用户轻松安装、管理和使用从解释器到gems的多个ruby环境。
导入RVM GPG密钥：
sudo gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3 7D2BAF1CF37B13E2069D6956105BD0E739499BDB然后通过运行以下命令在Ubuntu 20.04/18.04上安装RVM：
curl -L get.rvm.io | sudo bash -s stable
source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh最后检查版本：
$ rvm --version
rvm 1.29.12 (latest) by Michal Papis, Piotr Kuczynski, Wayne E. Seguin [https://rvm.io]通过运行以下命令安装依赖项：
# rvm requirements run
Checking requirements for ubuntu.
Installing requirements for ubuntu.
Updating system..
Installing required packages: g++, gcc, autoconf, automake, bison, libc6-dev, libffi-dev, libgdbm-dev, libncurses5-dev, libsqlite3-dev, libtool, libyaml-dev, make, pkg-config, sqlite3, zlib1g-dev, libgmp-dev, libreadline-dev, libssl-dev...............................
Requirements installation successful.像下面这样安装Ruby，可以检查Ruby 版本以获取版本号。
# rvm install 3.0.1
Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time.
Found remote file https://rubies.travis-ci.org/ubuntu/20.04/x86_64/ruby-3.0.1.tar.bz2
Checking requirements for ubuntu.
Requirements installation successful.
ruby-3.0.1 - #configure
ruby-3.0.1 - #download
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 0
100 26.7M 100 26.7M 0 0 18.9M 0 0:00:01 0:00:01 --:--:-- 85.1M
No checksum for downloaded archive, recording checksum in user configuration.
ruby-3.0.1 - #validate archive
ruby-3.0.1 - #extract
ruby-3.0.1 - #validate binary
ruby-3.0.1 - #setup
ruby-3.0.1 - #gemset created /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.1@global
ruby-3.0.1 - #importing gemset /usr/local/rvm/gemsets/global.gems..................................
ruby-3.0.1 - #generating global wrappers........
ruby-3.0.1 - #gemset created /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.1
ruby-3.0.1 - #importing gemsetfile /usr/local/rvm/gemsets/default.gems evaluated to empty gem list
ruby-3.0.1 - #generating default wrappers........要列出可用的Ruby解释器，请使用以下命令：
# rvm list known确认Ruby版本：
# ruby --version
ruby 3.0.1p64 (2021-04-05 revision 0fb782ee38) [x86_64-linux]总结
以上就是在Ubuntu 20.04/18.04 系统上安装了Ruby的两种方法，安装方法仅供参考，仅适用于Ubuntu系统。当然，还有其它安装Ruby的方法，但本文介绍的两种方法相对比较简单。
众所周知，在租用Linux服务器的时候，一般都需要自己安装Ruby环境，如果不清楚怎么操作可以按照上述过程进行安装。
